Assignment2-503 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Assignment2-503 - Essay Example The official has an obligation of guaranteeing that schools are given adequate monetary assets to do their order as scholarly and social organizations. Concerning guides, they are authorized by the City Council to work. Be that as it may, in non-public schools mentors are chosen by the command of the school. What's more, the schools decide the level that a mentor might be suitable for instruction. Open scholastic establishments in Ashland are restricted with respect to their recruiting order. The foundations don't straightforwardly recruit mentors as qualified coaches are accommodated the school. The job of the coaches is directed by both the school organization and the chamber instructive division. The primary obligation and duty of coaches is to give instructive experience to understudies as required by the educational program and their foundation. Other staff individuals in foundations are employed by the organization the board. For example, cooks, drivers, security work force and secretaries are given by the organization. Nonetheless, the city gathering requires a free and reasonable work framework that would give equivalent chances to every single feasible competitor. The command of these staff is additionally coordinated by the school organization. The area has likewise given schools determinations on approaches to adapt to harassing and security. Concerning wellbeing the area gives safe courses to understudy to utilize when going to class. Each school in Ashland City has an open site. The site is given by the school and contains data about the school. Data gave incorporate projects offered, charge structures, area, crucial targets. Aside from these sites, the locale contains a site that incorporates the schools situated in Ashland (City of Ashland, 2014). The site contains schools at all levels and give their area. The pace of

Contoh Proposal Bahasa Inggris Essay Example

Contoh Proposal Bahasa Inggris Essay Example Contoh Proposal Bahasa Inggris Essay Contoh Proposal Bahasa Inggris Essay In any case, English is required by individuals work in the travel industry that utilization in lodging, eatery, guide, visit and travel a d any longer. Along these lines, the author was seen in SMS Partisan Amtrak and the essayist has discovered the issue in jargon learning. The understudies of SMS Partisan Amtrak still feeble in jargon when their educator ask any article however they couldnt answer it and they got exhausted. Comparable to jargon educating, instructional media, for example, picture has ever y noteworthy jobs to persuade the understudies to learn jargon. Also, make simple to encouraging material can be found in book, magazine, and postcard. Those methods of educating and learning won't make understudies exhausted. When all is said in done the capacity the utilize picture in instructing and learning process. Help the educator to hate the material and explicit instructional goals without any problem. Gazing starting here the author is in keen on discover The Effectiveness Of Picture In Teaching New Vocabulary at The Second Year Student Of SMS PARTISAN Amtrak. Question to be understood in this exploration : Are there any constructive outcome utilizing picture in educating jargon? . The Purpose Of Study The point of this examination is :To know whether the of picture has constructive outcome in educating jargon. This investigation has both hypothetical and handy centrality : 1. The hypothetical criticalness of this examination is that the outcome will give hypothetical data about the significant of picture in showing English jargon. B. F or all intents and purposes, the aftereffect of the current investigation are helpful for : The English educator in applying picture for language guidance. Empowering the utilization of picture as a simple made mode for language guidance. Giving the understudy an intriguing strategy of introducing the material in Older to improve their capacity to ace English jargon. D. Improving the journalists observation and comprehension on instructing g learning procedure. E. Suspicion Of The Study The author might want to express the fundamental presumption of this examination as follows: Picture can be utilized to invigorate the understudy enthusiasm for contemplating n ewe jargon. Picture can assist the understudy with mastering English jargon. Extent Of Study This examination is constrained to the viability utilizing pictures in showing new jargon on the SMS PARTISAN AMTRAK in Academic year 2012/2013. For this situation the utilization a creature and sorts of transportation and the others pictures in to invigorate the understudy capacity in procuring new vocabularies. Particularly on the four aptitude of learning English, for example, talking tuning in, perusing and composing. G. Meaning Of The Key Term. So as to make some key term Leary to void some misconception of the perusers. It is essential to decipher and to characterize the significance of the some key hypothesis managing this investigates : Effectiveness. The impact is something that is created by an office or cause a change, result, outcome ( swan, 1995 : 25) Effective is it takes care of issue or get an outcome (awn, 1995: 171). Utilizing picture. Use : the term use specifies the importance of utilizing of state of being us deed (Horny, 1 986 : 1947) Picture is record of portrayal for something that empowers one to from a psychological picture or impression of it ( Horny, 1989) Teaching Vocabulary. A. Instructing is the way toward conveying something to someone, cause someone through oral and composed terms. Another meaning of educating is offering guidance to someone, cause someone to know or ready to accomplish something provide for someone information ( Horny, 1 974: 886). Jargon is a rundown of word and regularly states generally masterminded alpha morally and characterize of interpreted ( Pie, 1989). Section II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Concept Of Teaching Vocabulary. Language without jargon is hogwash. Without jargon nothing can be passed on through tuning in, talking, perusing and composing. Along these lines this clarifies scapulars makes workable for somebody to do correspondence exercises. Here are some jargon encouraging procedure as indicated by Harmer in Saurian it (2008: 12) 1. Premise level words ought to be however first. It is the means by which the word is the polished, not how regularly it is rehearsed. A few words might be instructed however segments of significance. 4. Training all Of subject ought not separate whit their technique, for this situation the author attempt to utilize visual media showing new jargon, particularly picture media, which is accept can raises understudies intrigue, inspiration and furthermore can be utilized as upgrade for understudies to take their consideration. Expressed that their are capacity of showing media particularly visual, they are as follow : Teaching all subject ought not be discrete from their techniques. For this situation, to rise he visual media in create understudies jargon, particularly picture media, which is accepted an ascent intrigue, inspiration and can be utilized as boost for understudies to draw their ATT feeling. Levi and loaned in Fathoms (2009 :08) expressed that there are four capacity of showing media particularly visual media, they are: Attentive capacity Visual media is the center, to full understudies intrigue and to coordinate understudies consideration. Concentrate the subject, which is interrelated with the methods for visual media that take an interest I n subject material. B. Emotional capacity To know the understudies satisfaction level while they are examining perusing visual content. Picture or image can raise understudies feeling and mentality, for instance when understudies read data about war and other public activity. Intellectual capacity Visual media can be appeared from investigate innovation which covers that visual image or picture quicken perception and compound understudies recollections about data vehicle message which is contained in the image. Compensatory work Teaching media can be appeared from look into item that is said that visual m Edie can help a powerless and show learn in perusing to sort out data in the content and to review It b sack. As it were, instructing media is as soul for a frail student or understudy improving and understanding the subject material which can be set out as the content or orally, for instance, finding our the importance of word mile through picture, painting, photo, and so on. Kinds of jargon Learning a language will make no difference without learning jargon. As to sorts of jargon quant in Meridian (2011 : 14 ) classify jargon into four TTY sees : a. Listening jargon This sort of jargon is grown right on time, since a youngster starts to perceive sound. It is restricted distinctly to the sound, which is related with his experience. Talking jargon This sort jargon is likewise assembled early, that is time when the kid starts to speak with the environmental factors. In spite of the fact that the use Of jargon at this Stage is exceptionally straightforward and it contains a significant number of the little capacity words, that sort of jargon can make up a discourse. . Jargon of perusing and composing This kinds of jargon are grown nearly at the some time. Be that as it may, perusing scapulars as a rule comes sooner than jargon of composing. These sorts of jargon are perceived when one has the capacity of composing. Method in Teaching Vocabulary In educating and learning jargon, the students ought to perceive their requirements. This is signi ficant, in light of the fact that words are in different sorts, which make it incomprehensible for the instructor to show the entirety of words. The educator, at that point, should locate the proficient procedures in the execution of the showing procedure homeroom, to prepare the instructor more to encourage the understudy and the training learning procedure will run fluidly. The methodology in jargon educating for he lower middle of the road which Can be applied in middle school understudy: work. Instructor picks a zone or classification of jargon they need to Teacher solicit every understudy to think from word in the picked region of v scapulars. C. Every understudy thinks of certain words on a bit of paper and offers it to the instructor to cheek and keep. Educator cheek understudies work and conveyed among the understudy. Every understudy a bit Of the paper on their table. Match the bit of paper with the right answer, ensuring one gets their on work. Understudy coordinate the word key have been managed on the whiteboard with in divination. 3. Encouraging Vocabulary To know straightforwardly the relapse of jargon educating on the understudies chief rivals , the author should test the understudies. The author in this segment present just with the depiction of what to test and the kinds of test that could be created in testing jargon. Accomplishment, the author picked two kinds of test that could be created fill in and different decision. Media Of Instructional 1 Teaching media There any numerous sorts of media, one of them is media of training. Normally, media of instructions have general trademark as has been communicated by Millennia (20 10: 14). There are . Media of instruction implies an article, which can be contacted hear d and seen. ND heard. Eng. The primary pressure is a the item or different things which can be seen Media of trainings is a sort of visual guides in instructing and learn It is utilized for collaboration in educating among instructor and understudy s. Media of instruction is helps, strategy and furthermore procedure which in used to make correspondence association among educator and understudies, increasingly successful in educating and learning process in the study hall. With respect to last thing above, for this situation an innovative and inventive. Educator are request to used, for example, simple make media which is handily made by instructor. Social understudies with be better comprehended if an educator talked about the injury contained in the perusing as availability movement. Question that the educator can raise about picture may assist with rousing understudies to consider. The Else of Teaching Media Teaching jargon is the fundamental part in language educating. The utilization of media is in this manner, to smoothen during the time spent educating lear

Irrelevant SAT Essay Thesis Sentences

In the set of thesis sentence examples below, there’s one that’s doesn’t actually answer the question. Can you spot it?    SAT essay prompt: Is financial wealth necessary for happiness? Thesis #1: Anybody who lives in poverty can confirm that without money, we can’t lead the lives we want to. Thesis #2:  While many say that money can’t buy happiness, the truth is far more complicated, and money does in fact play a vital role in our general life satisfaction. Thesis #3:  By looking at cases like lottery winners, celebrities, and business tycoons, it’s pretty clear that money doesn’t always bring the bliss we might expect it to. Thesis #4:  We’d be wise to examine the lives of spiritual figures both historical and mythical, which are often spent in poverty but are clearly fulfilling, regardless. Analysis: Does it answer the question? Is it relevant? It’s not easy to find the problem here, so don’t lose confidence if they all look pretty good. Instead, rephrase the question and look again. Can you be happy without money? After that, take out any examples that are introduced to make the thesis a little simpler. Those details are just fine to include in your SAT essay thesis, but when checking relevance, they’re just clutter. Then, rephrase the sentences to get at their most basic meanings. Here they are again, without the example clutter and using simpler vocabulary and phrasing. 1)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Without money, we can’t live how we want to. 2)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Money is vital for satisfaction. 3)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sometimes money doesn’t make us happy. 4)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Some people have been fulfilled without money. The problem should be a little bit clearer, now. Thesis 2 is a pretty clear rephrasing of the question, and is just fine. Number 1 uses negatives to make the same argument as thesis 2. Number 4 makes the opposite argument (which is perfectly valid) by providing cases when thesis 2 was not true, so that also answers the question. Thesis number 3, though, doesn’t give a yes or no answer. The question was whether happy people must have money, not if rich people must be happy. The importance of thesis relevance The truth is that there are more immediate factors in how your SAT essay gets graded. Since this kind of problem can be pretty subtle, there’s a chance that the essay grader won’t even notice it, at least not at first. But it tends to snowball; an irrelevant thesis leads to irrelevant examples, and suddenly your essay that should be about the importance of money is instead about how Lindsay Lohan is going to die an early death. And then, even if your vocabulary is polished, your grammar is rock-solid, and you’ve used up the whole front and back of a paper, you’re going to get around an 8 or 10 out of 12 at best. And if those language skills are lacking as well as the thesis being irrelevant? Well, you can see where that might lead. Always read the question twice and make sure your answer to it is logical so you don’t get off track.

Major General John B. Gordon, American Civil War

The son of a prominent minister in Upson County, GA, John Brown Gordon was born February 6, 1832. At a young age, he moved with his family to Walker County where his father had purchased a coal mine. Educated locally, he later attended the University of Georgia. Though a strong student, Gordon inexplicably left school before graduating. Moving to Atlanta, he read law and entered the bar in 1854. While in the city, he married Rebecca Haralson, daughter of Congressman Hugh A. Haralson. Unable to attract clients in Atlanta, Gordon moved north to oversee his fathers mining interests. He was in this position when the Civil War began in April 1861. Early Career A supporter of the Confederate cause, Gordon quickly raised a company of mountaineers known as the Raccoon Roughs. In May 1861, this company was incorporated into the 6th Alabama Infantry Regiment with Gordon as its captain. Though lacking any formal military training, Gordon was promoted to major a short time later. Initially sent to Corinth, MS, the regiment was later ordered to Virginia. While on the field for the First Battle of Bull Run that July, it saw little action. Showing himself to be an able officer, Gordon was given command of the regiment in April 1862 and promoted to colonel. This coincided with a shift south to oppose Major General George B. McClellans Peninsula Campaign. The following month, he ably led the regiment during the Battle of Seven Pines outside Richmond, VA. In late June, Gordon returned to combat as General Robert E. Lee began the Seven Days Battles. Striking at Union forces, Gordon quickly established a reputation for fearlessness in battle. On July 1, a Union bullet wounded him in the head during the Battle of Malvern Hill. Recovering, he rejoined the army in time for the Maryland Campaign that September. Serving in Brigadier General Robert Rodes brigade, Gordon aided in holding a key sunken road (Bloody Lane) during the Battle of Antietam on September 17. In the course of the fighting, he was wounded five times. Finally brought down by a bullet that passed through his left cheek and out his jaw, he collapsed with his face in his cap. Gordon later related that he would have drowned in his own blood had there not been a bullet hole in his hat. A Rising Star For his performance, Gordon was promoted to brigadier general in November 1862 and, following his recovery, given command of a brigade in Major General Jubal Earlys division in Lieutenant General Thomas Stonewall Jacksons Second Corps. In this role, he saw action near Fredericksburg and Salem Church during the Battle of Chancellorsville in May 1863. With Jacksons death following the Confederate victory, command of his corps passed to Lieutenant General Richard Ewell. Spearheading Lees subsequent advance north into Pennsylvania, Gordons brigade reached the Susquehanna River at Wrightsville on June 28. Here they were prevented from crossing the river by Pennsylvania militia which burned the towns railroad bridge. Gordons advance to Wrightsville marked the easternmost penetration of Pennsylvania during the campaign. With his army strung out, Lee ordered his men to concentrate at Cashtown, PA. As this movement was in progress, fighting began at Gettysburg between troops led by Lieutenant General A.P. Hill and Union cavalry under Brigadier General John Buford. As the battle grew in size, Gordon, and the rest of Earlys Division approached Gettysburg from the north. Deploying for battle on July 1, his brigade attacked and routed Brigadier General Francis Barlows division on Blochers Knoll. The next day, Gordons brigade supported an attack against the Union position on East Cemetery Hill but did not take part in the fighting. The Overland Campaign Following the Confederate defeat at Gettysburg, Gordons brigade retired south with the army. That fall, he participated in the inconclusive Bristoe and Mine Run Campaigns. With the beginning of Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grants Overland Campaign in May 1864, Gordons brigade took part in the Battle of the Wilderness. In the course of the fighting, his men pushed the enemy back at Saunders Field as well as launched a successful attack on the Union right. Recognizing Gordons skill, Lee elevated him to lead Earlys division as part of a larger reorganization of the army. Fighting recommenced a few days later at the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House. On May 12, Union forces launched a massive assault on the Mule Shoe Salient. With Union forces overwhelming the Confederate defenders, Gordon rushed his men forward in an attempt to restore the situation and stabilize the lines. As the battle raged, he ordered Lee to the rear as the iconic Confederate leader attempted to personally lead an attack forward. For his efforts, Gordon was promoted to major general on May 14. As Union forces continued to push south, Gordon led his men at the Battle of Cold Harbor in early June. After inflicting a bloody defeat on the Union troops, Lee instructed Early, now leading the Second Corps, to take his men to the Shenandoah Valley in an effort to draw off some Union forces. Marching with Early, Gordon took part the advance down the Valley and the victory at the Battle of Monocacy in Maryland. After menacing Washington, DC and forcing Grant to detach forces to counter his operations, Early withdrew to the Valley where he won the Second Battle of Kernstown in late July. Tired of Earlys depredations, Grant sent Major General Philip Sheridan to the Valley with a large force. Attacking up (south) the Valley, Sheridan clashed with Early and Gordon at Winchester on September 19 and soundly defeated the Confederates. Retreating south, the Confederates were defeated again two days later at Fishers Hill. Attempting to recover the situation, Early and Gordon launched a surprise attack on Union forces at Cedar Creek on October 19. Despite initial success, they were badly defeated when Union forces rallied. Rejoining Lee at the Siege of Petersburg, Gordon was placed in command of the remnants of the Second Corps in December 20. Final Actions As the winter progressed, the Confederate position at Petersburg became desperate as Union strength continued to grow. Needing to force Grant to contract his lines and wanting to disrupt a potential Union assault, Lee asked Gordon to plan an attack on the enemys position. Staging from Colquitts Salient, Gordon intended to assault Fort Stedman with the goal of driving east towards the Union supply base at City Point. Moving forward at 4:15 AM on March 25, 1865, his troops were able to quickly take the fort and open a 1,000-foot breach in the Union lines. Despite this initial success, Union reinforcements quickly sealed the breach and by 7:30 AM Gordons attack had been contained. Counterattacking, Union troops forced Gordon to fall back to the Confederate lines. With the Confederate defeat at Five Forks on April 1, Lees position at Petersburg became untenable. Coming under attack from Grant on April 2, Confederate troops began retreating west with Gordons corps acting as a rearguard. On April 6, Gordons corps was part of a Confederate force that was defeated at the Battle of Saylers Creek. Retreating further, his men ultimately arrived at Appomattox. On the morning of April 9, Lee, hoping to reach Lynchburg, asked Gordon to clear Union forces from their line of advance. Attacking, Gordons men pushed back the first Union troops they encountered but were halted by the arrival of two enemy corps. With his men outnumbered and spent, he requested reinforcements from Lee. Lacking additional men, Lee concluded that he had no choice but to surrender. The afternoon, he met with Grant and surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia. Later Life Returning to Georgia after the war, Gordon unsuccessfully campaigned for governor in 1868 on a staunch anti-Reconstruction platform. Defeated, he achieved public office in 1872 when he was elected to the US Senate. Over the next fifteen years, Gordon served two stints in the Senate as well as a term as Governor of Georgia. In 1890, he became the first Commander-in-Chief of the United Confederate Veterans and later published his memoirs, Reminiscences of the Civil War in 1903. Gordon died at Miami, FL on January 9, 1904, and was buried at Oakland Cemetery in Atlanta. Selected Sources Civil War: John B. GordonNew Georgia Encyclopedia: John B. GordonCivil War Trust: John B. Gordon

The Effects of Globalization on Social Work Practices Essay

Globalisation is a broad term that is often defined in economic factors alone. The Dictionary at merriam-webster.com describes globalisation as â€Å"the process of enabling financial markets to operate internationally, largely as a result of deregulation and improved communication.† Also due to deregulation on the financial market, multi-national companies are free to trade and move their businesses to areas where a higher return or profit can be achieved. New technology also enables companies to relocate to areas where labour costs are lower, for instance movement of call centre jobs from the UK to India. Lyons (2006) suggests that globalisation creates push and pull factors. Pull factors may include the recruitment drive of†¦show more content†¦There have been implications on social work practice a result of globalisation. Due to a greater availability of rapid transport it has become easier to cross borders. This brings new social problems for the profession such as human trafficking and migration of asylum seekers and refugees from war torn countries, creating a greater demand on services. The Commonwealth of Australia report (2007) indicates that since civil war broke out in Sudan in 1956, nearly two million people have been displaced and two hundred thousand people have died. Refugees, asylum seekers and UASC are terms which are often used interchangeably but have different legal definitions (Ruxton, 1996). For the purpose of this assignment it is important to differentiate between these terms. A refugee is a person owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality, and is unable to or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country†¦ (Article 1 of the United Convention of Human Rights, 1951). An asylum seeker is â€Å"a person who has left their country of origin, has applied for recognition as a refugee inShow MoreRelatedGlobalization And Its Impact On Socio Economy1701 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization and its Impact on Socio-Economy in India Dr. Mahendra Singh Associate Professor Department of Sociology Madhav University, Pindwara (Rajasthan) Abstract: Globalization was adopted by Indian Government during 1990-91 when Indian Economy was in a very bad shape. It was, however, adopted not as a solution to deteriorating Indian economy but to enable itself to get further foreign exchange loans from World Bank as its foreign exchange reserves were reduced to mere 3 weeks outflow. 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Corporations and Citizenship Arenas

Question: Discuss about the Corporations and Citizenship Arenas. Answer: Introduction The two case studies that have been selected for an in-depth analysis in this assignment are the Re-evaluating green marketing: a strategic approach and the Corporate Reputation in the Era of Web 2.0: the case of Primark. Marketing is looked upon as an essential ingredient for any business association. Nonetheless, it is this branch of management that facilitates in transforming the concepts into products and services thereby making it available to the consumers. However, along with the advent of globalization there are beautiful concepts and theories of marketing that are developing. For example, in order to be socially and environmentally responsible, the concept of green marketing has come to existence. It has actually taken its birth from the traditional marketing concept, the PESTLE analysis where the environmental aspect is very much there. However, many times the environmental aspect has been sidetracked by the business organizations while working on marketing concepts which h as in its way given rise to the revolutionary green marketing concept (Polonsky Rosenberger, 2001). A case study of Toyota has been considered pertaining to the area of green marketing. The other case study talks much about the corporate reputation and its management corresponding to the new environment that has developed out of the social web or better way called as web 2.0. The whole concept is explained through a case study of Primark (Jones et al., 2009). Re-evaluating Green Marketing: A strategic approach There are several business associations that have come across the question relating to their green nature, maintaining clean society and also be profitable along side. Nonetheless, environmental issue has been one such grave concern that has always called for global attention and action. On the contrary, the so called responsible green marketing is something that is characterized through a complicated, strategic, coherent approach. Overall, it creates a differing mindset within the corporate atmosphere and strives to gain a sharp competitive edge in the market (Ginsberg Bloom, 2004). Here comes the case study of Toyota which is observed to work hand in hand with the Japanese government thereby formulating unconventional marketing concepts where the consumers will be lured to buy transportation rather than concentrating on owning vehicles according to Ottman, (2011). The targeted consumers are exposed to the choices of purchasing accessibility to electronic vehicles so that they are able to travel to their desired destinations which are not too far away such as shops, malls and others. However, through the implementation of this kind of green marketing, Toyota is aiming to sidetrack the mindset of individual car ownership. Nonetheless, the green marketing has handed over to Toyota the momentum that it was looking for to increase its profit and minimising environmental hazards thereby becoming more socially responsible. Toyota is a multinational automobile company originated from Japan and operating since 1937 (takeuchi, 2008). All the related information is taken from the journal Business Horizons which got published in 2001. Re-evaluating Green Marketing: A Strategic Approach is a case study by two writers Michael Jay Polonsky and Philip J. Rosenberger III. Corporate Reputation in the era of Web 2.0 It is an article that sheds limelight on the aspects of corporate reputation and its concerning management that has steadfastly developed corresponding to the social web and its related new environment which is also called as Web 2.0. This article addresses the issues and concerns relating to brad management as well as the corporate reputation thereby citing out on a case study of Primark. The very new environment concerning the social web is something that all the business associations and the companies desire to harness. Thus Primark is certainly no different and expresses the similar desires as that of the others (Wirtz et al., 2013). Now, the interesting part in this article is to learn and address hat actually in what ways the business organization, Primark has been able to formulate strategies relating to its branding and corporate reputation in the on-line world. It is further noted from the article that the business enterprise has been able to construct a great corporate rela tionship with its diverse stakeholders and also magnify its brand image as well as its value in the online market. Primark is an international Irish retailer which serves in apparels, cosmetics and domestic wares. The company observed a total of 5347 million as recorded during 2015. The following article is contributed by 3 authors, Brain Jones, John Temperley and Anderson Lima and was published during 2010 (Whelan et al., 2013). Evidence of marketing related success Toyotas success story definitely resonate its green marketing ways and formulation of eco technologies that has taken the market by some sort of green air. The eco technologies segment pertaining to the company is observed to co-exist with the conventional regulations. Nonetheless, this specific segment also creates a definite positive pressure in forming corporate direction leading to designing next generation hybrid electric combustion automobiles. Toyota Prius is such an example that definitely does not call for any sort of introduction (Samantaray, 2012). It has also been termed as the cleanest vehicle by the international environmental authorities such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency as well as the California Air Resources Board. It became such a success that Toyota was forced to expand the family tree of the automobile Prius. The car was also seen to be relating with international celebrities like Leonardo Dicaprio, Gwyneth Paltrow during an appearance spon sored by Environmental Media Association. This has been possible due to its corporate communications, brand management strategies, several marketing campaigns and others (Ottman et al., 2006). Primark has successfully implemented the social network or the so called Web 2.0 to communicate with its consumers, transmit its agenda and messages in regards to its corporate governance, messages relating to corporate social responsibility and nonetheless about its affordable pricing for every class. The company has time and again communicated regarding its marketing strategies and practices which have certainly helped the company in managing its corporate reputation thereby diminishing the risks of blocked communication. In this case, Web 2.0 has proved to be an immensely helpful tool that has facilitated the communication both ways that is the communication of the stakeholders and the company (Roper Fill, 2012). Again on the contrary, it is known from the case study that in the realm of social network, any false news or negative remarks can produce an alarming negative tone and reaction about which the company has been seen to take care of by applying a monologue tone strategy. The company never shows its side of being obligated to answer each and every question of its consumers in the social networking sites such as face book. Toyota and its success The business enterprise has always been witnessed to stay put at the top place pertaining to Best Global Green Brands that was conducted by Interbrand during 2013. However, it has been 3 consecutive years that the company has hold on to its first position in the area of application of green marketing. It is the companys 2013 Prius brand that has been observed to rule the market. The Prius C. Proudly showcases its compact version and fuel economy aspect corresponding to 53 mpg within city as well as 46 mpg within the highways. Even in the areas concerning tailpipe emissions, Prius is considered as the efficient vehicle. Moreover, the car has been such a hit that approximately 2.9 million of it got sold in the global market as recorded during 2012 (Ottman, 2011). Primark and its Web 2.0 success Earlier Primark showed certain conservativeness in using a monologue tone while answering the questions of its stakeholders in Facebook, but currently the company thrived more in earning its social media fame and popularity. However the company now might boast about its 2.4 million followers in a single social networking site which is Facebook as per the researches of eDigital Research Retail Social Media Benchmark. However, only six months back, the company was followed by 700,000 followers and therefore the reason behind accidental steep rise within six months might be indicated towards its effective formulation of corporate reputation strategies, establishing sound corporate communications with its stakeholders. Primark has been coming up with new corporate communication strategies for each of its social networking sites as it understood that it will be boring if it places similar communicative messages on all the websites (McCorkindale et al., 2013). In a specific face book wall, it asks the followers to come up with their diverse artistic senses in nail designing and the best will be awarded, at times the company prefers going little out of topic by simply posting a Primark bus picture on Instagram (Whelan et al., 2013). Conclusion Thus to conclude, the assignment has shed light o two different industry segments and their different but innovative and new marketing ways and theories to earn the competitive advantage in the market. References Ginsberg, J. M., Bloom, P. N. (2004). Choosing the right green-marketing strategy.MIT Sloan management review,46(1), 79. Jones, B., Temperley, J., Lima, A. (2009). Corporate reputation in the era of Web 2.0: the case of Primark.Journal of Marketing Management,25(9-10), 927-939. McCorkindale, T., DiStaso, M. W., Carroll, C. E. (2013). The power of social media and its influence on corporate reputation.The handbook of communication and corporate reputation, 497-512. Ottman, J. (2011).The new rules of green marketing: Strategies, tools, and inspiration for sustainable branding. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Ottman, J. A., Stafford, E. R., Hartman, C. L. (2006). Avoiding green marketing myopia: Ways to improve consumer appeal for environmentally preferable products.Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development,48(5), 22-36. Polonsky, M. J., Rosenberger, P. J. (2001). Reevaluating green marketing: a strategic approach.Business horizons,44(5), 21-30. Roper, S., Fill, C. (2012).Corporate reputation, brand and communication. Pearson Higher Ed. Samantaray, A. (2012). Reevaluating Green Marketing: A Strategic Approach.Siddhant-A Journal of Decision Making,12(1), 56-60. Takeuchi, H. (2008). The contradictions that drive Toyotas success.Strategic Direction,25(1). Whelan, G., Moon, J., Grant, B. (2013). Corporations and citizenship arenas in the age of social media.Journal of Business Ethics,118(4), 777-790. Wirtz, B. W., Piehler, R., Ullrich, S. (2013). Determinants of social media website attractiveness.Journal of Electronic Commerce Research,14(1), 11.

The differences in news organizations

Sources Four news organisations will be used in this study. The first two may not be as well known as the others so before going any further it is important to clarify the credibility of these sources. The first one is the Jerusalem Post and it was founded in 1932. In their official website it claims that it is Israel’s best-selling English daily and most-read English website.1Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The differences in news organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The second one is the Haaretz Newspaper in Israel. It is an organisation that â€Å"provides extensive and in-depth coverage of Israel, the Jewish World and the Middle East† and everything that occurs within these regions including defence policies, Arab-Israeli conflict and even the peace process.2 The other sources comes from the BBC News and CBC News Canada. Jerusalem Post The article from taken from the Jerusalem Post pr ovided the most in-depth discussion of the Palestinian refugees problem. Using this article as the point of comparison, the other three sources will be studied on their treatment of the said subject matter. Going back to the Jerusalem Post it has to be pointed out that the article was written by a guest columnist. His name is Alon Ben-Meir and it can be presumed safely that he is an Israeli who happens to be a Professor of International Relations at New York University. Ben-Meir identified key elements of the refugee problem such as the idea of resettlement, homeland, and coming home to the State of Israel. Ben-Meir argued not only on the urgency of the problem but also discussed a possible solution. Ben-Meir clarified the issue even further by saying that this is not just a political problem but also a humanitarian concern because there are at least 4.5 million refugees according to UN records.3 The author also said that it is imperative that the surrounding nations, the UN and the nations all over the world should assist in one way or another in order to resolve this issue once and for all. Ben-Meir added two crucial statements, he said that refugees cannot afford to wait for the peace talks to be finalized and then he said that the European Union should take the lead.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He cited the economic and political clout possessed by the EU as the main reason why they should initiate the final solution to the problem. He also pointed out the propensity of the Arab States to gravitate towards the EU and not the United States because of the perceived close ties that the Americans have with the Israelis. Haaretz Newspaper In the Haaretz Newspaper the article the title contained the terms â€Å"concession on rights to return.† First of all there was no discussion with regards to the urgent need to help refugees resettle or r eturn to their homeland. The issue immediately centred on the fact that there were secret deals that were made to limit the number of refugees that will be allowed to go back to their homelands. In the previous article the number of refugees was estimated to be only 4.5 million but this time around the estimate reached 5 million Palestinian refugees. BBC News In the BBC News article, the emphasis was on the culpability of the Israelis for the war of 1948 was the main reason why 700,000 Palestinians were displaced. The Israeli government countered with the statement that â€Å"most Palestinian refugees left to avoid a war instigated by neighbouring Arab states though it admits a ‘handful’ of expulsions and unauthorised killings.†4 The article also stated that aside from the 1948 war there was also the 1967 war that displaced hundreds of thousands of Palestinians and that the accurate tally reached up to 6 million refugees. The Israeli government disputes this numb er. CBC News Canada In CBC News Canada’s Special Report, the emphasis was on the reason why the Palestinian refugees left in the first place. It is implied that when the Jews established a Jewish State hundreds of thousands of people were displaced and that the diaspora of 700,000 Palestinians resulted in the 4.7 million refugees that exists today. The report also focused on the state of the Palestinian refugees that fled to Lebanon, and the author remarked that, â€Å"While in countries such as Jordan and Syria, Palestinians can attend local schools, access government services, participate fully in the job market and even acquire citizenship, in Lebanon, they remain marginalized and are considered to be among the poorest in the diaspora.†5Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The differences in news organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Differences in Reporting There are significant difference s in reporting. The first major issue that these news sites could not agree on is the number of the Palestinian refugees. The Jerusalem Post said that there are 4.5 million while the Haaretz said that there are 5 million refugees. On the other hand the BBC made the assertion that the total number of refugees numbered 6 million while the CBC Canada had a the second lowest estimate and it is 4.7 million refugees. There is also differences in focus or the way the reporters frame the events. Others see it as a political problem related to the peace process while other see it as a humanitarian problem and thus puts pressure on authorities to resolve it as quickly as possible because the lives of millions of people are at stake. Others nitpicked on the kinds of assistance that must be extended to the refugees. There is an argument whether the Palestinians must be absorbed by host nations, if they are supposed to be sent back to their original homes or at least given the chance to go back to their homeland. Explanation The differences in the reporting can be understood from the point of view of the reporters and their bias towards a particular subject matter. For example the Jerusalem Post, through their guest columnist emphasized the need for the EU to come in and help. This can be interpreted as an appeal to the EU to assist Israel because the Jewish State could not carry the burden all by itself. Furthermore, Ben-Meir said that there are only 4.5 million refugees not five million or six million as claimed by other reporters. The low estimate can be interpreted as the reluctance of the Israelis to carry all the blame for the diaspora. The article from the Haaretz newspaper rounded-off the figure to 5 million presumably to force people to understand the gravity of the problem. It is the impossibility of absorbing these great number of people without risking the stability of the only Jewish State in the planet.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It also gave emphasis to other options which is resettlement. However, there is no mention of compensation. It can be argued that the refugees had the right to be relocated and compensated for what was done to them when they were forced to leave their homes in 1948. In the case of the CBC News report the spotlight was focused on the suffering that the refugees suffered under the Israelis as well as the callousness of the Lebanon government when it comes to integrating the refugees into the local population. This can be interpreted as an attempt to force Israel and Lebanon to accept responsibility for their actions. If one will use the article from Jerusalem Post as a guide one can argue that there are so many facets to the refugee problem and yet international leaders, the Israeli government and Arab States focuses only on the areas that will benefit them. It is time to look at the problem from a humanitarian point of view. These refugees must not be seen as pawns in the ongoing Ara b-Israeli conflict. The Arab leaders must accept the fact that 4 to 6 million refugees cannot be realistically brought back within the borders of Jerusalem or even relocated into the Gaza strip. The BBC News and CBC News failed to explain another major root cause of the refugee problem. The Arab nations surrounding Israel did not agree to what was then known as the British Mandate of Palestine.6 This is crucial because the BBC and the CBC seem to paint the Israeli government in a negative light that this refugee problem was all their fault. The Palestinian refugees are more than 4 million in number, this is no longer a problem that should be tackled only by Israel, Lebanon, Syria and Jordan. It has become an international problem and requires the assistance of everyone. Bibliography Asser, Martin. â€Å"Obstacles to Arab-Israeli peace: Palestinian refugees.† BBC News. September 2, 2010, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-11104284 Ben-Meir, Alon. â€Å"Guest Column: Taking responsibility for Palestinian refugees.†Ã‚  Jerusalem Post. April 16, 2010, http://www.jpost.com/Opinion/Columnists/Article.aspx?id=173223. CBC News. â€Å"Special Report: Palestinian Refugees.† CBC News Canada. October 27, 2010, http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2010/10/26/f-lebanon.html. Haaretz Service. â€Å"Hamas urges Palestinian refugees to protest over concessions on right of return.† Haaretz.com. January 25, 2011, http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/hamas-urges-palestinian- refugees-to-protest-over-concessions-on-right-of-return-1.339120. Footnotes 1  Ben-Meir, Alon. â€Å"Guest Column: Taking responsibility for Palestinian refugees.†Ã‚  Jerusalem Post. April 16, 2010, http://www.jpost.com/Opinion/Columnists/Article.aspx?id=173223. 2  Haaretz Service. â€Å"Hamas urges Palestinian refugees to protest over concessions on right of return.† Haaretz.com. January 25, 2011, http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/hama s-urges-palestinian- refugees-to-protest-over-concessions-on-right-of-return-1.339120. 3  Ben-Meir. 4  Martin Asser. â€Å"Obstacles to Arab-Israeli peace: Palestinian refugees.† BBC News. September 2, 2010, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-11104284, p.1 5  CBC News. â€Å"Special Report: Palestinian Refugees.† CBC News Canada. October 27, 2010, http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2010/10/26/f-lebanon.html. 6  CBC News. This essay on The differences in news organizations was written and submitted by user Abby Hines to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Measuring quality in sport Essays

Measuring quality in sport Essays Measuring quality in sport Essay Measuring quality in sport Essay Using benchmarks within sports development is to measure the quality of an initiative or sports club. Benchmarking is a process that all clubs and initiatives have to follow to ensure they meet the correct requirements to achieve a benchmark. To get these benchmarks they must undergo Inspections and to have all data records looked upon to ensure they are covered In all kinds of insurances documents, safeguarding, and emergency procedures. Etc. National governing bodies and sports organizations such as Sport England and UK SPORT recognize these clubs that have achieved these benchmarks. Benchmarks are also used in comparisons with other sports clubs to produce a comparative and competitive source for which the standards of a club are compared to show people who are Interested In participating or know someone who does and want to Join a club fit for their needs. Quality Schemes are used to improve and continually are finding ways to improve the quality of customer service in the sports industry. Quality schemes are mostly aimed at leisure centre across the I-J that provide close contact will the general public. Sports Development organizations use self assessments or programmed to improve he qualities of sports clubs and sporting Initiatives. The assessment Is operated by a grading system that assesses; Timekeeping Workmanship Coaching Quality of Equipment Problem Solving Professionalism and Standards when the assessment takes place the club/lamentable have score boundaries they have for which whatever they are based on they fall Into that category which Is then published. The score boundaries are; Minimum 60% to be registered To achieve a higher category it has to be between 75% and 84% To achieve a excellent score they must score 85% and above So overall this measurement Is effect to show the quality of the club In making sure that the legal and formal parts of the club are at a high standard. The quality of a club is only shown if the club score 60% or more. Sport England Cellular A example of this is the Sport England Cellular. This cellular Is Issued one a club or leisure has passed the necessary procedure of approval. The cellular shows Sport England are in a way recommending this club that shows good standards and procedures within sport. The procedure of getting a cellular is set within guidelines for with an examiner will come in and ensure the club has all the accessory paperwork, safety procedures/action plans to ensure the participants are safe at all times. The criteria of the procedure is filled in and then a copy of certificates, policies and qualifications. The criteria is checked every 2 years to ensure the standards are met and that none of the paperwork used as evidence is not out- dated, if it is then the club must go about replacing them. In conclusion this type of assessment is quite effective due to marketing and advertising the cellular to show that the club is at a high standard. More so with participants who are edging towards the higher end of the sports development momentum, as parents will be looking for sports club that meets all of the desired targets that the parent may seem fit for their child to develop. Internal and Self-Assessment This is another procedure to measure quality in sport. Self-assessment is a evaluation provided of your own performance. Sports clubs and initiatives do this measure as their own clubs strengths and weaknesses. And the potential of the opportunities or threats they face. Sports clubs can then create a Development plan to fix the areas of development, and improve on their strengths. Self-assessing will alp initiatives and organizations set goals to improve their current results of assessment. Internal assessment means you can identify your successes and a areas of development and internally within your club can provide plans to improve the level of quality to a long term look and potential progress. A example of this is doing a SOOT Analysis to seek your strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats. This is a form of self-assessing and is used to evaluate current states and where the club is and how they can improve. Opportunities are the result of the strengths when having strength only positive outcomes can be achieved. Threats are the results of the weakness and are the negative outcomes. When using a soot analysis to be able to make goals to improve the quality and be able to progress forward the club must be able to make realistic targets that will be measurable and fit the specific needs for the club and its members. This is used by seeking the weaknesses and areas for development and producing a development plan to set the targets and goals for expand the club. This is a very effective way in improving the quality of sports clubs and initiatives. This because it is easy to show the strengths and weaknesses and show that in the rent state the opportunities from the strengths and the threats the sporting club/ initiative may face if they do not improve. When evaluating from the results of a SOOT Analysis a development plan must be created to work on the areas of development and how to improve or better the strengths. This is a on-going procedure which in time will improve the quality of a sports club. Comprehensive Performance Assessment (C. P. A) CPA is an example of internal assessment. After a sports club have completed a SOOT analysis a sports organization will produce a CPA to put a rating the level of quality within the sports club. This is produced by a combination off sports clubs development plan. After a sports club have completed a SOOT analysis, a sports organization for example Sport England would then provide a CPA. The Spas objective is to put a value on the level of quality of a sports club. This is produced by a combination of a sports clubs action which is identified by a self assessment like a soot analysis. A plan is made with the potential quality and actual quality. Potential Quality is how good the quality of a sports club could be depending on what comes out of the development plan. Actual Potential is where a sports club is at this state eight now, which also depends on the Development plan. Different sports clubs have different levels of quality, for example some may have high quality in some areas that another sports club might not. In conclusion this type of assessment is quite effective if followed correctly and depending on if a clubs development plan is strong enough to work off. Ensuring that the goals the club are realistic and able to achieve, also the club has passed the following stages of a development plan they should be at better state for which they will achieve a better success rate and potentially more customers.

About Chloroform As An Anaesthetic Agent

About Chloroform As An Anaesthetic Agent Surgical procedures are painful, no doubt. Even with the advancement of medicine in the field of anaesthetic, certain complications are to be expected among patients who were receiving anaesthesia (regardless of types) such as bradycardia, post-puncture headache, hypotension and feeling pain despite an adequate dose of analgesia. How do we know exactly whether the patient who is being operated is in pain? Most of the indications were clinical (there is no machine which can tell you with an absolute certainty that the patient is in paint) and often judged based on the patients vital signs which can be quite suggestive of pain, for example, increase in blood pressure and heartbeat could indicate that the amount of analgesia being given to the patient was inadequate. Eventually, an anaesthetist in-charge will increase the analgesics/any other drugs dosage to achieve stabilisation which will provide a less painful experience for the patient. Being sedated during surgery is the main principle of anaesthesia (although some procedures dont require sedation; local anaesthetic for example) coupled with other agents which could alleviate pain and reduce movement to provide surgeons with optimal surgical conditions thus reducing post-operative complications. There are a lot of fine arteries, veins and nearby organs that can potentially be damaged during operation if patients were moving thus usage of muscle relaxants (either depolarising or non-depolarising) are justified to facilitate certain procedures. Even though nowadays, there are a lot of chemicals which can be used as anaesthetic agents, back in the day, the number of options to alleviate pain is quite limited. In 2250 BCE, most of the toothache cases experienced by Babylonians were treated by giving Henbane, a type of plant which is quite poisonous, often being used to treat some medical conditions such as asthma, cough, nervous system-related diseases and sure, a toot hache. If you were thinking, sedation before operative procedures are only practised after we discovered modern medicine, you were wrong. In 650 BCE, most of the priestesses utilise ethylene fumes to induce sedation among patients before any kind of procedure. In 400 BCE, Assyrians discovered that they can induce unconsciousness temporarily by compressing the carotid artery to carry out a few simple surgical procedures such as cataract surgery and circumcision without too much fuss. In the year 160, Hua Tuo performed surgery after patients have been induced with a method resembles the general anaesthesia by utilising a mixture of wine and herbs called Mafeisan. People generally understand the importance of putting patients in an unconscious state before starting an operation but as there were a lot of complications (including death) which have been documented in a lot of journals associated with certain types of anaesthetic agents, people grew restless. There are a lot of modern anaesthetic agents which are not being used anymore due to their fatal complications but people in the past dont have much choices on that matter, really. In this article, we will discuss regarding one of the anaesthetic agents which have been held in high regards in the past after it was used to ease up Queen Victoria, during her childbirth. Lets talk about @chloroform. Exploring A 170 Years Of Controversy Even though chloroform was discovered by three independent researchers in 1831, people are not aware of its anaesthetic properties until it was eventually demonstrated in 1847 by a Scottish obstetrician named Professor James Simpson. He tried to search for an ideal anaesthetic chemical that can be used to anaesthetise patients during operation while imposing minimal side effects (pain, for most of the parts). His determination stemmed from his bad experience of witnessing a breast-removal operation that was carried out in 1827 when he was a medical student. Back then, reliable anaesthetic agents were yet to be discovered thus surgical procedures were usually carried out with speed and precision to reduce patients suffering. Feeling pain was considered inevitable so patients depend heavily on surgeons skills while they were held down by devices to prevent movements. Throughout the surgery, Simpson felt traumatised as he had to witness suffering from the patient as surgical cuts were made. Her movements were restricted by both leather straps and a few other attendants, so it was pretty much messed up gores that had to be dealt with as soon as they were able. Its not a sight that you would have admired or cherished and he nearly quitted medical school because of that; fortunately, he didnt. Instead of quitting, he pledged himself to find a suitable anaesthetic agent that could alleviate suffering among patients especially in a surgical setting. Most of the answers he acquired from his professors when he was a medical student were discouraging and only when he was a full-pledged medical officer that he could experiment with a number of chemicals and procedures to test their efficacies on his patients; he ever tried mesmerism! People often used the word mesmerism and hypnosis interchangeably, but both of them induced trance (an altered state of consciousness) through different methods. Mesmerism focused on using non-verbal cues like gaze, strokes etc. while hypnotism used verbal cues. Of course, mesmerism is not a good choice when it comes to medicine, even its founder, Franz Anton Mesmer was chased out from Venice for practising it, but Simpson was willing to try anything for the sake of improving the current state of surgical protocols; still, none of it works. In 1846 he heard about a chemical called ether which can be used as an inhaled agent to alleviate pain during dental procedures. He tried to use it in his medical practice but he soon realised that there are a lot of side effects caused by that particular volatile agent, not to mention back then, a huge portion of the medical community opposed to the usage of volatile agents as anaesthesia. Despite the frustration, he learned a considerable amount of experience and knowledge regarding volatile compounds. Exposure to all kind of volatile compounds brought him to chloroform in 1847, a year after his failed attempt at using ether as an anaesthetic agent. Mind you, volatile compound is a hot topic since the discovery of chloroform in 1831, but their potential benefits were regarded less than what they deserved. On November 1847, he revealed chloroform as a potential anaesthetic agent that can be used to induce patient pre-operatively. His discovery is so significant to the point that he was credited for discovering it and responsible for saving Queen Victoria during her childbirth from suffering; neither of which is true. According to the history press, although Simpsons works after the discovery of chloroform can be thought as significant or probably greater than chloroform, it received less attention by the medical community and public alike; everyone wanted to celebrate or hate him for the discovery of chloroform; so unfortunate. He recognised the fact that chloroform is a powerful agent that can be used to sedate people during surgery and at the same time, took lives if the dosage applied to an individual were excessive. There were a lot of debates, quarrels and confusion regarding the usage of such agent which requires a careful consideration of patients condition which can ultimately cause death if it was to be miscalculated. It is, however, worth noting that, the usage of chloroform has revolutionised battlefield medicine due to its quick onset of action, ease of use and high rate of success which has been documented on numerous occasions during wars. In the war in the Crimea, the British used chloroform almost universally in their operations; the French also exhibited it very extensively, and Baudens, one of their leading military surgical authorities, declares that they did not meet with one fatal accident from it, although it was given to them during the Eastern campaign, thirty thousand times at least. In America, however, chloroform was only recognised as one of the most effective anaesthetic agents after a civil war in 1861 thus being used by physicians for routine surgeries. It was kinda appropriate to start using such inhaled agent after it was documented in the records regarding the use of chloroform as a preferred agent to treat 80,000 people (through surgical methods) without too much fuss; they either used chloroform alone or mixed it up with ether to enhance its therapeutic effects. Even though the success rate seems high, there were a lot of deaths that have been documented as a part of the consequences caused by chloroform, starting with a child in 1848, a year after Simpson started using it as a preferred anaesthetic agent. Miscalculation or overextending the exposure of such chemical to patients can cause cardiac arrest and thus death within 2 minutes. When Simpson first discovered the anaesthetic property of chloroform, he tried it on himself, putting him in a deep sl eep. Fortunately, he woke up the day after or the world will be deprived of such anaesthetic agent a few decades after his announcement. Chloroform In Criminal-Related Activities I think people are quite familiar with the idea of chloroform being used by criminals to induce their victims into an unconscious state so that they can be abducted or killed with ease. Even though this idea is quite popular, most of the papers out there seem to agree with the fact that applying chloroform to a handkerchief and such is considered a poor tool to be used in abductions and any related crimes that are required unconsciousness of non-consenting individuals. There are a few cases that can be given as evidence but most of the popular press seems to hate if this fact proved wrong; they still believe that in any criminal activity which used chloroform, the chemical itself is the reason for people to be unconscious. Well, the method of inducing victims seem to resemble the act of inducing patients before an operation but there are a lot of factors that can be considered before saying chloroform is the root of all evils. In 1850, an elderly clergyman stayed in Temperance Hotel located in Kendal, Cumbria, England. He was on a mission of collecting donation for the needy and successfully collected eleven gold sovereigns which are considered a lot. Unfortunately for him, a young man who travelled alongside him planned to steal those sovereigns so he soaked a towel with some chloroform and hid inside a closet while the clergyman was busy doing something else. When the clergyman about to go to sleep, he tried to lock the door by using a chair since the lock is broken and a few seconds after, the young man attacked him while covering his face with the towel, attempted to knock him down. It will be easier for him to hit the clergymans head rather than using chloroform, the clergyman scream and fight violently and the other guests from other rooms came to see what happen. The young man was arrested and he was sentenced to 18 months of jail time. There are many cases which resemble this one but none of it was accepted as the truth by the public presses in 1865. People wanted to hear that chloroform can actually be used to commit crimes. In 1854, an ophthalmic surgeon named William Wilde began treating Mary Travers for a few years until later in 1862, she claimed, allegedly, that she was raped under the influence of chloroform by the surgeon himself. The thing that was interesting regarding this case is, although she claimed that she was raped in 1862, the report which was written by her to the presses was submitted in 1864 when William Wilde was awarded a knighthood for his contribution in Irish census. She was treated by him for those 2 years and this accusation seems suspicious. Moving on, William Wildes wife submitted a letter to Mary Travers whos at the time working as a professor of medical philosophy in Dublin. When Mary Travers found out about this, she sued Lady Wilde for defamation. Mary Travers won that case but the penalty imposed on William Wilde was so low that it wouldnt affect his reputation at all. People started to become suspicious as to why this was the case. This case was then discussed by two jo urnalists which favoured Sir William Wilde and they were sued for defamation by Mary Travers too; only this time, she lost. There are a few possibilities that could have influenced Mary Travers as of why she behaved that way. The rape accusation might be alleged but when we are talking about the truth, Mary Travers might have spoken it, I mean the truth; only it never happened in the first place. A lot of this kind of accusations have been received throughout the years and some research which are conducted much later proved that chloroform can induce sexual hallucination. This effect, however, is not specific to chloroform but also the other inhaled anaesthetic agents. Apart from making you happy, it can strengthen sexual emotions which lead to hallucinations that can be considered erotic. In 1888, a paper written by Buxton DW described a case whereby a patient achieved sexual orgasm during induction with an inhaled anaesthetic agent. Quite interesting, isnt it? Oh yeah, chloroform also is quite addictive. There is some documentation (quite old) which described patients who are addicted to inhaled anaesth etic agents to improve sexual performances. Conclusion Even though chloroform was proven to be a great anaesthetic agent in the past, it was replaced by much better gases that would be able to maintain unconsciousness with fewer side effects. If someone said they were being raped under the influence of chloroform, that case needs to be investigated first. Even though chloroform is a poor tool to be used by a criminal, people can be knocked out by it; they just need to be still for a few minutes as the concentration of the chloroform used might have been mild than what have been calibrated for surgical uses.

Human Resource Planning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Human Resource Planning - Assignment Example Restlessness in the sense that human capital has become more aware of their freedoms and rights and is not ready to settle for any thing less than justice for services rendered. This has placed new challenges to organizations plans on human resource and necessitated more research in the area so as to offer fresh solutions for the emerging challenges. It can be argued that the realization of any organizational plans depends on the kind of human resource in the organization. Poor human resource planning has led to organizations having a work force which can not deliver often making organizations spend so much in remunerations at the expense of profits. This has led to the closure of companies which causes a myriad of other related problems such as loss of jobs and revenues to governments. Just how important and relevant is human resource planning important for organizations Does human resource planning affect the performance of an organization Does proper human resource planning contribute to the success of organizational planning process Is human resource planning a prerequisite for organizational planning The purpose of this study is to evaluate the importance of human resource planning in organizational planning process. The study will seek to find out how lack of human resource planning can affect organizations. It will further seek to establish bottlenecks in human resource planning. Human capital... iii) To identify challenges faced in human resource planning. iv) To establish the contributions of human resource planning to organizationalplanning process. Research question. What is the importance of human resource planning in organizational planning process Significance of the study.Human capital is the most treasured asset of any organization. It interlinks all departments while ensuring coherence and oneness of purpose therefore contributing to an organizational failure or success. As the adage goes failing to plan to is planning to fail therefore there is no alternative to this issue, organizations must properly plan their human resource. Of signifance to this study are governments, private institutions and virtually every organization which is interested in improving its processes The study will become a vehicle for organizational planners who will be able to appreciate the role of human resource planning. To the planers, the study will provide a framework which will act as a guide in the implementation of changes. This is of significance since it is not uncommon for organizations to rush in to recruitment of staff without a prior evaluation of the organizations needs. The following assumptions will guide the study. i) Human resource managers will be cooperative and provide reliable responses. ii) There exists a gap in the knowledge of the importance of the human resource planning in organizational planning process. iii) There are possibilities for raising the level of awareness in organizations for the role played by human resource planning. Delimitations. The proposed study will confine itself to interviewing human resource managers

The Security payment in E- commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Security payment in E- commerce - Essay Example Internet can be considered as one of the most revolutionary inventions of the last century [2]. It is used by different people for different reasons; some people use it to communicate with the other end of the world, some use it to increase their knowledge with the vast information available online [1]. Another area that has made a prominent name in the World Wide Web is E-commerce. E-commerce, which is the process of business transactions on the web; is preferred for its simplicity and ease [3]. However, one of the factors that cause a great degree of concern for customers and merchants is the level of security involved with these business transactions [4], [15]. The mode of payment in e-commerce transactions is through ‘credit cards’; which have established more opportunities for businessmen but at the same time introduced new problems in the whole process of selling goods. The fear of fraud in online business transactions keeps on increasing every year due to the increase in the respective crime [8], [39], [40]. According to National Consumers League statistics for the year 2007; millions of dollars were lost in e-shopping transactions and have exposed the weakness of the credit card payment system [5]. Credit card fraud and identity theft [11] are the two most prevalent security risks. In the past, many efforts have been done to secure online transactions and make this medium a trusting one. During such efforts, the protocol of Secure Electronic Transactions (SET) was developed to secure credit card information from several kinds of attacks present online [6]. Secure Socket Layer (SSL) also helps in providing a secure environment as it provides an encrypted medium to transfer credit card information [7]. The use of biometric has also been proposed by one of the researchers; this proved helpful to prevent identity theft and any false authorization regarding the credit card information. Numerous aspects have to be considered

1950-1960 Essay -- Essays Papers

1950-1960 During the 1950's, the United States experienced great change with the end of World War II, making it difficult to label the busy decade. America was the most powerful nation in the world and it was a time of complacency. The United States accepted two new states, Hawaii and Alaska (www.fifties.com). The science world boomed with new inventions; televisions broadcast nationally; rock n' roll was popular; commercial hotel and fast food chains became common; the car industry exploded; vaccinations for measles and polio were discovered; and birth control pills were introduced (Layman VII). Another event in the 1950’s was the ratification of the 21st Amendment, which limited presidents to two terms in office. The 1950's "baby boom" was also an affect from World War II. The American population increased 19% throughout the 1950's. One-third of Americans was under the age of fifteen (Layman 262). Another issue for the United States in 1950 was the Civil Rights movement. There was one court case that changed history forever. On May 17, 1954 in Topeka, Kansas, a black third grade girl, Linda Brown, was denied admission to a school that was for white children. Schools stigmatized black children, thereby denying them the equal protection guaranteed by the 14th Amendment. The court finally agreed with Linda’s father and Thurgood Marshall. The United Sates was modernizing, however, discrimination was still a large problem (www.fifties.com). If American was a growing society, it was also a society on the move. Life was progressively getting faster. Drive-in business and shopping malls were convenient. Mass culture brought material wealth to America, but many wondered at what cost. Poorer citizens were ignored, and the work et... ...ed States was once again beginning to modernize and grow. This not only affected American attitude, but it affected art and literature throughout the world. WORKS CITED Berman, David. "Pop Art: An analysis of English and American Styles." (www.st.townson.edu/~dberma2/). Candace. "Index Fifties Web". March 15, 2001 (www.fiftiesweb.com). Ginsberg, Allen. "America." The American Tradition in Literature. Vol. 2. Ed. Perkins, George and Barbara. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999. 1795. Hughes, Langston. "Feet Live Their Own Life." The American Tradition in Literature. Ed. Perkins, George and Barbara. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999. 1604. IDA (15) University of Dayton Annual Reports. "Annual Reports of the President 1950." Layman, Richard. American Decades: 1950-1959. Detroit: Gale, 1994. Wehrle, William O. A History of the University of Dayton. Dayton, 1962.

Nursing Reflection

Going back through previous experiences and tracing back the footsteps we have made allows us to reminisce about the good things that have happened in our lives. Somehow the undesirable memories would also seep in as they are part and parcel of our existence that we cannot do away with. This process gives us an opportunity to encounter past events that can necessarily aid us in the future. In the Nursing practice, reflection is a retrospective approach that evaluates historical processing of experiences that takes place in a structured form and is deemed highly essential (Eliis, Kenworthy and Gates, 2003, 156). In the clinical practice, this retrospective activity facilitates in the promotion of quality care. The art of reflection however in the nursing practice focus on self rather than on the situation as the care provider (Quinn, 2000, 252). The process is a reflective practice that is a cognitive act by which we are allowed to make sense of our thoughts and memories (Taylor, 2000, 43). This method therefore allows a practitioner to generate a complementary or alternative form of knowledge and a set of choices in the evaluation of the best course of action. It is a â€Å"deep learning† experience that reflects on our knowledge and theories and go beyond merely thinking about what we do but involves recalling what had occurred and analyzing the situation by interpreting important information recalled (Taylor, 2000, 4). In Nursing, the reflective process is aimed about our own practice (Taylor, 20000, 3); that nursing education and research cannot do without as a common practice in the learning mechanism in which we all engage in a regular basis (Slevin and Basford, 2000, 483). With a main purpose of enabling the practitioner to learn from experiences and increase clinical effectiveness, reflection is highly essential to the nursing practice. For this process to be effective, Johns has provided a guided reflection which employs different models of self-inquiry to enable a practitioner to realize desirable and effective practice (2002:3). Considering that this involves a cognitive and emotional component that is expressed through analysis, different models would aid us feel comfortable about the activity. John’s model can be used in preparation for or during clinical supervision and applicable to specific incidents rather than more general day to day issues and particularly applicable to those who prefer a structure approach (Ellis, Kenworthy and Gates, 155). Gibbs Model use term description rather than â€Å"a return to the entire experience† as a form of reflection is considered as a simpler method but one where a mentor or facilitator is likely needed(Davies, Bullman and Finlay, 2000, 84). Both models however in supervision practice can be used to facilitate clinical governance through the promotion of quality care where an exchange between two professionals employing this technique seeks to improve their practice (Watkins, Edwards and Gastrell, 2003, 266). To maximize the potential benefits of clinical supervision, nurses have to learn to be comfortable with this retrospective activity with the aid of Gibbs or John’s models depending on where one feels most comfortable working with (Ellis, Kenworthy and Gates, 156). Gibbs Model for reflection As a simple and easily attainable method, Gibbs model uses term description rather than a return to a previous experience (Davies, Bullman and Finlay, 84). In psychology and teaching, reflection facilitates as purposeful change and competencies such as psychological-mindedness and self-regulation (Clutterback and Lane, 2004, 196). Usually this process involves a mentor, teacher or supervisor working with a student at different stage while allowing for individuality. Although less specific than re-evaluating an experience; Gibbs in his cycle or reflection makes the action planning a more overt component of reflection (Davies, Bullman and Finlay, 84). Gibbs provides that in one’s own practice, an essential aspect of working as an autonomous practitioner involves a critical analysis of one’s role and responsibilities from a personal perspective (Gibbs, 1998,13). It is a process that requires others to become involved that encourages feedback and constructive comment to recognize your role and value in a health team (Humphris and Masterson, 2000, 77). John’s Model for reflection John’s model uses the concept of guided reflection to describe a structure supportive approach that helps the practitioner learn from their reflections and experiences (Quinn, 2000, 572). The approach involves the use of a model of structure reflection, one-on-one group supervision and the keeping of a reflective diary (Quinn, 572). The practice would aid the practitioner in learning from a reflection of their experiences. John’s model is more detailed as it provides a checklist of specific points necessary for reflection (Davies, Bullman and Finlay, 85). The only problem cited with John’s model if it imposes on a framework that is external to the practitioner leaving little scope for inclusion as cite by other theories. John’s model can be used in preparation and during clinical supervision consisting of 6 steps that is applicable t specific incidents rather than more generalized day to day issues facing the supervisee (Ellis, Kenworthy and Gates, 155). This model is highly attractive to those who prefer a structured approach but others may find this type more restricting (Ellis, Kenworthy and Gates, 156). Criticisms against the reflective process Reflection involves cognitive and emotional components that are expressed through analysis and to maximize the potential benefits of the clinical supervisor nurses have to learn to feel comfortable with this retrospective activity both during and in preparation for supervision sessions (Ellis, Kenworth and Gates, 157). This could be deemed time–consuming in an institution where time is often an important element in the delivery of care. A time for reflection can be done positively only when a situation or a need arises. This is probably why reflection method is considered a radical approach to nursing education and practice given the ample time training can afford (Slevin and Basford, 483). Yet reflection is valuable if done in partnership with someone else which led Davies et al to believe that the approach is quasi-therapeutic (Davies, Bullman and Finlay, 86). The principles have been transferred directly from client-centered psychotherapy and may trigger more powerful responses such as guilt and anxiety. Practitioners are therefore evaluated before they are given a chance to try this one out according to conservative studies. However with practice, it is assumed that a reflective process may not hold as much negative impact for the learned practitioner in an answer to the demands for a continuous review of a practice in a critical and analytical manner that support the reflective concept. The Value of Reflection for the Student Nurse As an essential component of scholarly practice, reflection, reflection is a method for generating a complementary alternative form of knowledge and theory (Humphris and Masterson, 2000:78).   Regardless of any negative criticism a reflective method may elicit from critics, I consider this to be a valuable tool. For the student, this is a process were one internally examines and explores an issue of concern triggered by an experience that clarifies the meaning of perspectives (Canham and Bennett, 2001, 185). The nursing practice has been surrounded by a world of silence and reflection is a way for nurses to reflect that is enhanced and introduced in the nursing curriculum (Guzzetta, 1998, 102). Often in the professional practice, nurses have encouraged silence among themselves in their health environment and setting while usually developing a shared professional voice with her team. Oftentimes, her relationship with the rest of the health team and other professionals faced difficult efforts because of the autonomy. The process of reflection allows one to air out her sentiments and ideas within her group or to a mentor or a supervisor during moments of reflection that could be produced as a shared voice for the team. Developing a habit of reflection is therefore a must for nursing education in order to uncover dimensions of experiences such as hidden and explicit meanings of behavior that can aid a student nurse in identifying her own perspective of the nursing practice that is highly useful in her entry to the profession (Guzzetta, 1998, 103). For a student in nursing, one must therefore develop a habit of reflection in order to uncover experiences and the meaning of behavior, values and thoughts that could readily prepare one for professional practice. It should be noted that the reflective process can helpfully aid in teamwork where one has the chance to relay sentiments after reflection of her past experience.Nursing education must therefore develop and evaluate innovative strategies to prepare nurses to meet the challenges of the rapidly changing health care system and for lifelong learning (Johns and Freshwater, 1998, 149). Reflection and reflective practice are currently receiving attention as a strategy yet little is known about the process of becoming a reflective thinker, how to teach skills needed for reflection, or the barriers and facilitators to becoming a reflective practitioner (Clutterback and Lane, 2004, 198). However a reflection process is worthy of study and practice that should initially be started and adapted as a core training for everyone wishing to professionally practice nursing as a positive way to analyze the development of reflective practice abilities. Bibliography Canham, Judith and Bennett, JoAnne, 2001, Mentoring in Community Nursing: Challenges and Opportunities, Blackwell, London, 2001. Clutterback, David and Lane,Gill, 2004, The Situational Mentor: An International Review of Competencies and Capabilities in Mentoring, GowerHouse, London. Davies, Celia, Bullman, Anne and Finlay, Linda, 2000, Changing Practice in Health and Social Care, Sage, London. Ellis, Roger, Kenworthy, Neil and Gates, Bob, 2003, Interpersonal Communication in Nursing: Theory and Practice, Elsevier Sciences, Orlando. Gibbs, Graham, 1998, Learning by Doing: A Guide to Teaching and Learning Methods, Oxford, London. Guzzetta, Cathie, 1998,Essential Readings in Holistic Nursing, Jones Bartlett, Maryland. Humphris, Debra and Masterson, Abigail Masterson, 2000, Developing New Clinical Roles: A Guide for Health Professionals, Elsevier, Florida. Johns, Christopher, 2002, Guided Reflection: Research in Practice, Blackwell Publishing, Perth. Johns, Christopher and Freshwater, Dawn, 1998, Transforming Nursing Through Reflective Practice. Blackwell, Perth. Quinn,   Ã‚  Francis M. 2000, The Principles and Practice of Nurse Education, 4rth ed., Nelson Thorne, London. Slevin, Oliver and Basford, Lynn, 2003, Theory and Practice of Nursing: An Integrated Approach to Caring Practice, Nelson Thomas, London. Taylor Beverly, 2000, Reflective Practice: A guide for Nurses and Midwives, Allen and Unwin, St. Leonard. Watkins, Dianne, Edwards, Judy and Gastrell,Pam, 2003, Community Health Nursing: Frameworks for Practice, Elsevier Sciences, Orlando.            

Standardized Testing in Saudi Arabia - 1435 Words

Integrity is a small word, but it has a big meaning. Integrity means that you are ready and able to do whatever is right regardless of the situation that you are facing (Utpalendu 3). It is a simple term which states that people should do and act according to their ethics and their minds, not to their sentiments. For example, if a situation arises that involves your family, or the one you love, you are able to face the situation with honesty and truth. This is the essence of integrity. Also, integrity is uniquely related to justice. If you have integrity, you are likely to also be equitable, which is an often missed characteristic in many people. Justice is absent in many places of the world. Unfortunately, there are only a few people who†¦show more content†¦Therefore, their creativity is minimized. For example, if a student who excels in engineering is placed in a hospital, he or she is not going to be successful because this is not his or her field. The same principle app lies when a student who is good in philosophy is required to take a math exam; he or she will not be able to validate the exam like the student who is good in math, and this is unfair. It is unfair to judge a student’s knowledge via one exam that doesn’t take more than three hours (Sharq 1). Time is also a problem on this test. Students are required to answer 150 questions in two hours and a half (Sharq 1). At this rate, it is nearly impossible to answer all the questions. Even students who are proficient in solving math problems have difficultly answering all of the questions. In fact, these questions were given to math teachers, and they could not answer them all. Therefore, how are students supposed to do the same? Some students who were more intelligent attempted to answer the questions as best they could so they could attend a university, but they failed. However, others answered the questions randomly, and in the end, they succeeded purely on luck. How could this be fair? Some people argue that this standardized test has brought equality to education. On the other hand, other people state that the test does not consider individual differences between people. Financial exploitation is another issue that people see in this test. Students are requiredShow MoreRelatedThe Use Of Online Banking Vs Traditional Bank Essay930 Words   |  4 PagesStudy design: According to the above, the research is compared the use of online banking VS traditional bank, since many people in Saudi Arabia are not aware of the advantages of electronic banking, which it should not be as a problem in these days. The purpose of this study is to study and analysis the impediments of using online services which include: automated teller machine (ATM), internet banking, and tele-banking and then compare it with manual banking. 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